Developing soft skills isn’t like developing content knowledge. Many schools implement a curriculum that has students learning through discrete lessons with no ongoing practice. When that curriculum is used by a subset of teachers, schools fail to develop institutional knowledge and support for students as they try to apply what they learn. Sharing information about skills or providing an experience in a classroom is a start, but it will not build the habits and thinking processes to make change. Just as math needs to be practiced repeatedly over a long period of time, so do soft skills.
Our brains learn through repetition, experience and emotion. Developing soft skills needs to be a systematic and strategic initiative that becomes part of a school’s culture and heuristics.
- Develop shared vocabulary
We cannot build skills for which we have no name or clear definition and teachers can be confused about how to teach them. For example, many frameworks include leadership as a skill, but what is leadership? Without a discrete, shared definition, teachers ascribe their own perspectives and students fail to transfer what they learn.
The BESSI Research Group at the University of Illinois recognized this conundrum and did an extensive crosswalk of frameworks used to describe soft skills. They identified 32 skills in five areas and then defined them with concrete, observable terms. BESSI’s skills can clarify the skills you use in your PBIS or college and career readiness efforts. They can also inform how you incentivize and reward skill development. Developing a shared language ensures student learning around these skills is clear and reinforced across all classrooms.
Skills are built by doing. When teachers connect pedagogy to soft skill development, they can help students understand that the process of learning is just as important as the product they produce and the grade they receive. For example, group projects are about more than just dividing up work. They teach students to cooperate with others, enhance teamwork skills, teach responsibility management and require communication and leadership skills. When we connect the process to the skills being developed, students recognize and value the skills they gain by engaging in learning.
STEM is designed for teams, but students often focus on their grade rather than the skills they learned by producing the product. Teachers can identify the soft skills various projects will require and assess groups on how well they demonstrated those skills.
When we measure things, they matter. Therefore, if students assess themselves and others on the process skills used in a group project, they will pay attention to them. For example, consider giving an exit ticket at the end of a class where each student responds to a question such as, “What is one challenge your team overcame today and how?” Only award points to teams where individual answers are similar. This measures whether the team cooperated and communicated. If answers vary, some members of the group were probably disengaged and the group was not learning the cooperation skills.
- Build a skills-focused culture
Descriptions related to school culture are often very conceptual rather than concrete. When schools use shared vocabulary and teachers connect those skills to classroom activities and learning, you are on your way to building a culture where skill development is valued and rewarded.
Teachers are not exempt from the skills gap either. Consider ways you can enhance teacher skill development by having them set professional goals related to their individual skill development. Also have teacher teams rate themselves on the same set of skills they are developing in students.
When teachers and students are learning together, we can amplify the impact of progress. Teachers will become more self-aware, share their skill development experiences with students and model the skills in their classrooms.